Coat Of Arms Of Madrid
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The main components of the Coat of arms of Madrid (the bear and the tree) have their origin in the
Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
. The different coats of arms have experienced several modifications, losing for example motifs often displayed in early designs such as water and
flint Flint, occasionally flintstone, is a sedimentary cryptocrystalline form of the mineral quartz, categorized as the variety of chert that occurs in chalk or marly limestone. Flint was widely used historically to make stone tools and start fir ...
. In 1822, the municipal council adopted a design that entailed the addition of a
gryphon The griffin, griffon, or gryphon (Ancient Greek: , ''gryps''; Classical Latin: ''grȳps'' or ''grȳpus''; Late and Medieval Latin: ''gryphes'', ''grypho'' etc.; Old French: ''griffon'') is a legendary creature with the body, tail, and back ...
and
civic crown The Civic Crown ( la, corona civica) was a military decoration during the Roman Republic and the subsequent Roman Empire, given to Romans who saved the lives of fellow citizens. It was regarded as the second highest decoration to which a citizen ...
, which were removed in 1967. The shield is
argent In heraldry, argent () is the tincture of silver, and belongs to the class of light tinctures called "metals". It is very frequently depicted as white and usually considered interchangeable with it. In engravings and line drawings, regions to b ...
, a bear
sable The sable (''Martes zibellina'') is a species of marten, a small omnivorous mammal primarily inhabiting the forest environments of Russia, from the Ural Mountains throughout Siberia, and northern Mongolia. Its habitat also borders eastern Kaza ...
supported on a strawberry tree vert fructed gules; on a bordure azure seven stars argent. The shield is adorned with a large open royal crown of gold and precious stones, with eight rosettes (five visible) alternating with eight pearls; this crown is commonly used in Spanish heraldry for territorial and municipal arms.Dirección General de Administración Local - Consejería de Justicia y Administraciones Públicas
. The image of the bear and the strawberry tree is also a component of the badge of the football club
Atlético Madrid Club Atlético de Madrid, Sociedad Anónima Deportiva, S.A.D. (; meaning "Athletic Club of Madrid"), known simply as Atleti in the Spanish-speaking world and commonly referred to at international level as Atlético Madrid, is a Spanish profess ...
.


History

According to chronicles, the militias of the council of Madrid carried a banner identified them in different battles of the early 13th century: a bear sable () on a field argent. In the early 13th century, the Clerical cabildo vied against the municipal council over the use of the
fodder Fodder (), also called provender (), is any agriculture, agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, domestic rabbit, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. "Fodder" refers particularly to food g ...
in the fields and forests of . In 1222, the fodder was determined to belong to the clergymen, whereas the forests would pertain to the council. The bear, which formerly had been displayed on all fours, began to stand on its hind legs leaning on a tree in council representations, possibly underpinning the control of timber by the council, whereas the cabildo's bear in cabildo emblems remained walking. There are several hypothesis regarding the beginnings of the identification of the tree with a strawberry tree (''Arbutus unedo''), be it a ''Arbutus''/''Arbustus'' confusion the improbable abundance of the species in Madrid (unlike that of ''
Celtis australis ''Celtis australis'', the European nettle tree, Mediterranean hackberry, lote tree, or honeyberry, is a deciduous tree native to Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia Minor. The tree was introduced to England in 1796.Hillier Nurseries Ltd. (19 ...
''), or perhaps an attempt to improve on the gaudiness or the composition.


Gallery

Casa del Pastor.jpg, Coat in ''la Casa del Pastor'', in calle de Segovia, considered as the oldest in the city Fuente de la Alcachofa (detalle del escudo de Madrid) - Parque del Retiro - 20070805.jpg, Historic coat of arms in ''Alcachofa Fountain'',
Retiro Park The Buen Retiro Park (Spanish: ''Parque del Buen Retiro'', literally "Good retirement park"), Retiro Park or simply El Retiro is one of the largest parks of the city of Madrid, Spain. The park belonged to the Spanish Monarchy until the late 19th ...
El oso y el madroño - 02.jpg, The
Statue of the Bear and the Strawberry Tree The ''Statue of the Bear and the Strawberry Tree'' (in Spanish “El Oso y el Madroño”) is a sculpture from the second half of the 20th century, situated in the Spanish city of Madrid. It represents the coat of arms of Madrid and is found on ...
in
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
, by Antonio Navarro Santafé Nuevo Escudo de Madrid.svg, Logotype used as common emblem by the City Council Distintivo de Madrid-1938.png, ''
Distintivo de Madrid The Madrid Distinction ( es, Distintivo de Madrid) was one of the highest military awards of the Second Spanish Republic. It was a decoration related to the Laureate Plate of Madrid. which was established by the Second Spanish Republic in order to ...
'' pennant awarded to the
Spanish Republican Navy The Spanish Republican Navy was the Navy, naval arm of the Spanish Republican Armed Forces, Armed Forces of the Second Spanish Republic, the legally established government of Spain between 1931 and 1939. History In the same manner as the othe ...
vessels that took part in the Battle of Cape Palos


See also

* Coats of arms of the Community and historic province of Madrid *
Spanish heraldry The tradition and art of heraldry first appeared in Spain at about the beginning of the eleventh century AD and its origin was similar to other European countries: the need for knights and nobles to distinguish themselves from one another on the ...


References


External links


Enrique García Domingo, ''Recompensas republicanas por el hundimiento del Baleares''
Revista de Historia Naval 1997, Año XV no. 59, page 70. {{DEFAULTSORT:Coat of arms of Madrid 1212 establishments in Europe
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
Culture in Madrid History of Madrid
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
Mardrid
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...
13th-century establishments in Castile